Welcome to this week's edition of the Computer Kindergarten Newsletter.
Today is Sunday, April 18, 2010


In this Issue: 
Special Feature:  Job-Hunting - Job Scams
Featured Computer Term:  The Top 30 Internet Terms for Beginners:  2. Browser
This Week's Topic:  What is Twitter? 
Question:  Desktop PC Buying Guide: Choosing the Right Desktop PC
Websites of Interest:  Earth Day; Underwriters Laboratories; Primary Games; New York State Smokers' Quitline

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Special Feature:   Job-Hunting - Job Scams

 

The following article is from the Federal Trade Commission.

http://ftc.gov/jobscams

 

 

If you are looking for a job, you may see ads for firms that promise results. Many of these firms may be legitimate and helpful, but others may misrepresent their services, promote out-dated or fictitious job offerings, or charge high fees in advance for services that may not lead to a job.

 

 

To Do

 

Before you spend money responding to placement firms or completing placement contracts:

 

Reject any company that promises to get you a job.

 

Be skeptical of any employment-service firm that charges first, even if it guarantees refunds.

 

Get a copy of the firm’s contract and read it carefully before you pay any money. Understand the terms and conditions of the firm’s refund policy. Make sure you understand what services the firm will provide and what you’ll be responsible for doing. If oral promises are made, but don’t appear in the contract, think twice about doing business with the firm.

 

Take your time reading the contract. Don’t be caught up in a rush to pay for services. Stay away from high-pressure sales pitches that require you to pay now or risk losing out on an opportunity.

 

Be cautious about purchasing services or products from a firm that’s reluctant to answer your questions.

 

Be aware that some listing services and “consultants” write their ads to sound like they are jobs when they’re selling general information about getting a job.

 

Follow up with the offices of any company or organization mentioned in an ad or an interview by an employment service to find out if the company is really hiring.

 

Be wary of firms promoting “previously undisclosed” federal government jobs. All federal positions are announced to the public on www.usajobs.gov.

 

Check with your local consumer protection agency, state Attorney General’s Office, and the Better Business Bureau to see if any complaints have been filed about a company with which you intend to do business. You also may contact these organizations if you have a problem with an employment-service firm.

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Featured Computer Term:  The Top 30 Internet Terms for Beginners:  2. Browser

 

Whether you are brand new to using the Internet, or you've been using it for years, there are thirty important terms that are absolutely worth learning. Join us for our ongoing series on Internet terminology, where, with the help of Paul Gil from about.com, we provide definitions and information on the Top Internet Terms for Beginners.

 

This Week:  2. Browser

 

A browser is a free software package that lets you view web pages, graphics, and most online content.  Browser software is specifically designed to convert HTML and XML into readable documents.

 

The most popular web browsers in 2010 are: Firefox, Google Chrome, Internet Explorer, and Safari.

 

Read more about browsers here:

http://computerkindergarten.com/html/020109.html

 

In our next edition:  http and https

 

Please visit our Newsletter Archives to review the terms we’ve already covered:

http://computerkindergarten.com/30internetterms.html  

 


Is there a computer term or phrase that you'd like to see an explanation of?  Email it to info@computerkindergarten.com and we'll put the term and its definition in an upcoming newsletter.

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Today's Topic:   What is Twitter? 

 

Question:  What is Twitter? 

 

 

Answer:

Here is a good explanation from Paul Gil and Susan Gunelius of About.com.

http://netforbeginners.about.com/bio/Paul-Gil-7508.htm

http://weblogs.about.com/bio/Susan-Gunelius-39478.htm

 

 

"Microblogging" has caught fire in ways that no one could have foreseen. It has become a way for business employees to send real-time updates to each other. It is a way for hobbyists to follow their favorite celebrities. Amateur journalists can report from war-torn countries by using their cell phones. Families can text-update each other on an ill member in the hospital.

 

Twitter  is a free micro-blogging tool that allows users to publish short messages (140 characters or less) through their computers and mobile phones. Twitter launched in 2007 and nearly 1 million people were using it within one year of its debut.

 

People who use Twitter write short messages, called Tweets, which they publish either publicly (for all Twitterers to see) or privately (for only certain Twitterers to see). Typically, users will sign up to follow other users whose Tweets they enjoy. For this reason, Twitter can be a great tool for networking, relationship-building and promoting blogs.

 

Businesses also use Twitter to promote products and services and offer real-time customer service. Twitter provides an excellent source of free publicity.

 

 

In our next edition:  Get Started with Twitter in Three Easy Steps

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Question:   Desktop PC Buying Guide: Choosing the Right Desktop PC

 

I am in the market for a new computer.  Do you have any tips?

 

 

Here is some good computer shopping advice from Nate Ralph of pcworld.com.

 

 

Today's modern desktop PCs offer a wealth of options: You can go for a PC with a fixed retail configuration, or you can customize your system by stepping through a sometimes dizzying array of choices from a configure-to-order vendor. The resulting array of components is no longer wrapped up in a beige box, but in a colorful shell of highly variable shape and size, differentiated by indecipherable naming conventions.

 

Presented with so many possibilities, you need to narrow the field by considering what you want to use your new desktop for. Are you an avid photographer looking for a speedy but cost-effective platform for editing high-resolution photos? If so, you will benefit from buying a machine with extra RAM and a discrete graphics card. If you have acquired an extensive media collection, and want an inexpensive and compact way to pipe it to your HDTV, a compact PC tailored toward media sharing and playback may be your best bet.

 

Whatever your needs, you can find a desktop configuration to fit the bill.

 

Desktops fall into three major categories, each with its own range of price and performance: compact PCs, all-in-one PCs, and classic tower PCs (which we subdivide into budget, mainstream, and performance categories). Each style of machine has different strengths and weaknesses, and choosing the one that is best for you depends largely on how you plan to use it.

 

Once you have picked the appropriate desktop category, our guide to PC specifications will help you pick a machine that delivers the performance you need, while staying within your budget. And when you're ready to buy, check our shopping tips for advice on how to get the most from your investment.

 

 

Compact PCs

 

As the smallest members of the desktop computer family, compact PCs often omit features to deliver computing power in a space-saving package. The combination of energy-efficient components, quiet operation, and small size makes compact PCs ideal for people who want a nonintrusive machine. A typical compact PC costs between $300 and $600, though the price goes up as you add upgrade options.

 

Compact PCs tend to be equipped with notebook or netbook components, such as Intel Atom processors. This limits their usefulness in tasks that demand lots of processing power, but it makes for quiet, energy-efficient operation. Not all compact PCs are created equal, however, so pay attention to specifications when shopping. Some compact PCs are configured for as low a bottom-line price as possible; others are packed to the gills to deliver optimal performance in a compact system.

 

When assessing smaller PCs, keep an eye on the ports. The smaller the footprint, the fewer features you can reasonably expect, and that includes fewer connectivity options. Though you will get a VGA port and (on average) six USB 2.0 ports, many compact PCs also offer HDMI--an asset for home-theater setups. The typical hard drive size is 320GB, though 250GB is also common and we have seen compact system carrying up to 1TB (for a $100 upgrade premium).

 

 

All-in-One PCs

 

All-in-One PCs are self-contained: components are mounted behind a display, with screen sizes ranging between 18- and 27-inches. With no cords to manage or peripherals to juggle, setting up your new all-in-one PC can be as simple as pulling the machine out of the box and plugging it in.

 

With their compact size and integrated displays, all-in-one PCs can generally be placed wherever you have a spare power outlet. Some all-in-ones also offer a rather distinct perk: Touchscreens. With support for multitouch gestures worked into Microsoft's Windows 7, all-in-ones offer a clever way for users to interact with their media, while still getting a full-fledged PC.

 

All-in-one components vary from brand to brand, but you can expect to pay more for an all-in-one than for a similarly equipped desktop; again, some models target buyers on a tight budget, while others load up on performance-oriented system components (at a higher price, of course). For example, low-priced machines like the MSI Wind Top AE2010 use notebook or netbook processors and integrated graphics. You will get reduced performance to match the reduced price tag. If you have a larger budget, you can opt for a model like the Sony VAIO L117FX/B, which includes a quad-core processor (most often seen on full-size desktops), to deliver superior performance, and offers a large 24-inch screen. You will be paying in the area of $2000 for those high-end specs, however.

 

Many all-in-one PCs come with a wireless keyboard and mouse, Bluetooth support, and Wi-Fi connectivity. This reduces cord clutter to a minimum--an important consideration in spaces where an attractive décor or efficient use of space is at a premium.

 

 

Budget PCs

 

A budget tower desktop carries standard desktop components, but can cost as little as $300 if you select older hardware or inexpensive, low-end processors. Typically, these PCs are minitower systems, with fewer drive bays than a full tower has. The Acer Veriton X270, for example, offers an older Core 2 Duo processor but delivers relatively speedy performance for just $500. Beware models that come equipped with AMD Sempron or Intel Celeron processors, as those CPUs' performance drawbacks will cancel the advantage of their low cost.

 

Inexpensive tower desktops usually incorporate low-powered, integrated graphics rather than discrete graphics cards. As a result, your entertainment options may be limited. High-definition media playback suffers on models equipped with older Intel-based integrated graphics; and if you are interested in gaming, you will be hard pressed to tackle anything more demanding than Flash-based offerings. Machines equipped with Intel's Core i3 processor build improved integrated graphics performance right onto the chip; though they still will not be adequate for video games, they will support satisfactory high-def media playback.

 

Budget PCs generally offer at least 320GB of storage space and at least 2GB of RAM, but permit few upgrade options beyond adding RAM or a larger hard drive. They rarely leave much room for expandability inside their cases, either. Still, if you need a machine for nothing more than word processing, e-mail, and occasional DVDs or online videos, these machines should suit you just fine.

 

 

Mainstream PCs

 

Higher up in the desktop chain, you will find machines aimed at mainstream users. These PCs start in the vicinity of $800, and carry at least 500GB hard drives and about 4GB of RAM. Powered by dual-core and lower-end quad-core processors, they deliver better performance than budget desktops, without breaking the bank. Consider the Gateway FX6800-01e: For just over $1000, this machine features a quad-core Core i7-920 processor, and an ATI Radeon HD 4850 graphics card.

 

Photo-editing applications stand to benefit from working with multicore processors, and entertainment enthusiasts will appreciate the improved gaming performance and stutter-free HD media playback that a discrete graphics card helps deliver. Many of the machines in this category include a Blu-ray drive, either standard or as an optional extra. And if your video editing needs are modest, you probably can find a machine in the mainstream price bracket that has enough power to handle your creative projects.

 

 

Performance PCs

 

Occupying the high end of the spectrum are performance desktops. Such PCs generally start at a little over $1500, with some outliers--like the Maingear Shift-- hovering in the range of $7000. Most performance PCs are full tower systems, equipped with a slew of drive bays and expansion slots. Designed to tackle challenging tasks, they come equipped with the latest and greatest Intel and AMD dual- and quad-core processors, 6GB or 8GB of RAM, and at least one discrete graphics card. Some performance desktops include multiple graphics cards to deliver improved graphics performance.

 

Performance desktops are suitable for users who need a lot of processing power to get their work done--professionals who do extensive high-resolution photography or video editing, and gamers who are willing to pay for top-of-the-line visual effects.

 

Traditional PC manufacturers like HP and Dell sell performance machines, but so do smaller boutique PC makers that specialize in highly configurable custom machines, tailored to your needs and budget.

 

 

In our next edition:  Desktop PC Buying Guide: The Specs Explained

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Websites of Interest: 

Earth Day

This year the world will be celebrating the 40th Earth Day on Thursday, April 22.

http://www.earthday.org/

 

Underwriters Laboratories

UL is a safety certification company that has been testing, verifying and inspecting everyday products for over 115 years. The average home has more than 128 products with the UL Mark on them. The Safety at Home site has a series of informative tips and articles to help you and your family stay safe.

http://safetyathome.com

 

Primary Games

Fun site for kids featuring free educational games, coloring pages, crafts, and more.

http://www.primarygames.com/

 

New York State Smokers' Quitline

This website provides information and help for anyone who wants to quit smoking.

http://www.nysmokefree.com/